Imiyoboro yose yo mu gihugu yambukiranya imipaka Amazone izi ko yaba Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Uburayi cyangwa Ubuyapani, ibicuruzwa byinshi bigomba kwemezwa ko bigurishwa kuri Amazone.Niba ibicuruzwa bidafite ibyemezo bifatika, kugurisha kuri Amazone Bizahura ningorane nyinshi, nko gutahurwa na Amazon, ikigo gishinzwe kugurisha kizahagarikwa;mugihe ibicuruzwa byoherejwe, ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo byibicuruzwa nabyo bizahura nimbogamizi, kandi hazabaho ingaruka zo kugabanywa.Uyu munsi, umwanditsi azagufasha gutondekanya ibyemezo bisabwa na Amazon.
1. Icyemezo cya CPC
Kubicuruzwa bikinishwa, Amazone muri rusange isaba ibyemezo bya CPC na fagitire za TVA, kandi ibyemezo bya CPC mubisanzwe bikorwa ukurikije CPSC, CPSIA, ASTM ibizamini hamwe nimpamyabumenyi.
Ibizamini byingenzi byipimisha muri CPSC muri komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa by’abaguzi muri Amerika 1. Igipimo cy’ibizamini byo gukinisha muri Amerika ASTM F963 cyahinduwe mu buryo buteganijwe 2. Ibikinisho bisanzwe birimo ibikinisho 3. Ibikinisho by’abana, bitanga ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso
ASTM F963 Muri rusange, ibice bitatu byambere bya ASTM F963 birageragezwa, harimo ikizamini cyimiterere yumubiri nubukanishi, ikizamini cyaka umuriro, hamwe n’ibizamini umunani bifite uburozi.
Ibindi bihe 1. Ibikinisho byamashanyarazi FCC kubikinisho bigenzura kure.. ASTM D4236 (ihuza na ASTM D4236) ikirango kigomba gucapishwa kubipfunyika nibicuruzwa, kugirango abaguzi bamenye ko ibicuruzwa bagura byujuje ibisabwa.3. Ibisabwa byo gushiraho ibimenyetso bito, imipira mito, marble na ballon muri ASTM F963 Urugero Kubikinisho nimikino ikoreshwa nabana bafite imyaka 3-6, hamwe nibintu bito ubwabyo, ikimenyetso kigomba kuba Choking Hazard - Ibintu bito.Ntibikwiriye ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 3. ”4. Muri icyo gihe, ibicuruzwa bikinisha bigomba kugira ibimenyetso byo kuburira kubipfunyika hanze.Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bifite ibimenyetso byo kuburira bitandukanye.
CPSIA (HR4040) Kwipimisha Isonga hamwe na Phthalates Kwipimisha bigenga ibisabwa kubicuruzwa birimo isasu cyangwa ibicuruzwa byabana hamwe n irangi ryisasu, kandi bibuza kugurisha ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe birimo fatalate.
Ibintu byo kwipimisha
Rubber Pacifier Uburiri bwabana hamwe na Rail Abana Ibyuma Byimitako Yumwana Inflatable Trampoline, Baby Walker.umugozi wo gusimbuka
Icyitonderwa Nubwo muri rusange Amazone isaba ko amakuru yumubitsi hamwe na aderesi yabyo bitagomba kuba mubipfunyika ibicuruzwa byinshi, abagurisha ibikinisho byinshi kandi benshi barimo kwakira amakuru aturuka kuri Amazone, bisaba izina ryuwabikoze, numero y'itumanaho hamwe na aderesi kubipakira., ndetse birasaba abagurisha gufata ifoto yibice 6 yububiko bwibicuruzwa byo hanze kugirango batsinde ibicuruzwa bya Amazone, kandi ishusho yimpande 6 igomba kwerekana neza imyaka igicuruzwa gikinishwa gikwiriye gukoreshwa, kimwe nizina ryuwabikoze, kuvugana amakuru na aderesi.
Ibicuruzwa bikurikira bisaba icyemezo cya CPC
ibikinisho by'amashanyarazi,
Ubururu bwijimye, [21.03.2022 1427]
Ibikinisho bya Rattle, pacifier, imyenda y'abana, abagenda, ibitanda byabana, uruzitiro, ibikoresho, intebe z'umutekano, ingofero yamagare nibindi bicuruzwa
2. Icyemezo cya FCC
Izina ryuzuye rya FCC ni komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho rya leta, ariryo komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho muri Amerika mu gishinwa.FCC ihuza itumanaho ryimbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga mu kugenzura amaradiyo, televiziyo, itumanaho, icyogajuru na kabili.Ibicuruzwa byinshi bikoresha amaradiyo, ibicuruzwa byitumanaho nibicuruzwa bya digitale bisaba kwemererwa na FCC kwinjira mumasoko yo muri Amerika.Komite ya FCC ikora iperereza ikaniga ibyiciro bitandukanye byumutekano wibicuruzwa kugirango ibone inzira nziza yo gukemura ikibazo, kandi FCC ikubiyemo no gutahura ibikoresho bya radio, indege, nibindi.
Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa 1. Mudasobwa yumuntu nibikoresho bya periferiya 2. Ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi 3, amajwi na videwo 4, amatara 5, ibicuruzwa bidafite insinga 6, ibikinisho 7, ibicuruzwa byumutekano 8, imashini zinganda
3. Icyemezo cy'inyenyeri
Energy Star ni gahunda ya leta ishyizwe mu bikorwa n’ishami ry’ingufu muri Amerika n’ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije muri Amerika mu rwego rwo kurengera neza ibidukikije no kuzigama ingufu.Noneho ibicuruzwa bikubiye murwego rwiki cyemezo bigeze mu byiciro birenga 30, nkibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, ibikoresho bya elegitoronike, ibicuruzwa bimurika, nibindi. Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa bimurika, birimo amatara azigama ingufu (CFL), nibyo izwi cyane mumashanyarazi yubushinwa (RLF), amatara yumuhanda n'amatara yo gusohoka.
Ingufu Star ubu imaze gukwirakwiza ibyiciro birenga 50 byibicuruzwa, byibanda cyane kuri 1. Mudasobwa nibikoresho byo mu biro nka monitor, printer, imashini za fax, kopi, imashini zose-imwe, nibindi.;2. Ibikoresho byo murugo nibicuruzwa bisa murugo nka firigo, konderasi, imashini imesa, televiziyo, ibyuma bifata amashusho, nibindi.;3. Ibikoresho byo gushyushya no gukonjesha pompe yubushyuhe, amashyiga, ibyuma bikonjesha hagati, nibindi.;4. Inyubako nini zubucuruzi nuburaro bushya bwubatswe, inzugi nidirishya, nibindi.;Abahindura, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, nibindi.;6. Amatara nk'amatara yo murugo, nibindi.;7. Ibikoresho byibiribwa byubucuruzi nkimashini ya ice cream yubucuruzi, koza ibikoresho byubucuruzi, nibindi.;8. Ibindi bicuruzwa byubucuruzi bigurisha imashini, ibyapa byumuyoboro, nibindi 9. Ibicuruzwa bigenewe ubu ni amatara ya fluorescent, imirongo yumucyo wo gushushanya, amatara ya LED, adaptate yamashanyarazi, guhinduranya amashanyarazi, amatara yumuyaga, ibicuruzwa byamajwi n'amashusho, ibikoresho byo kwishyuza bateri , icapiro, ibikoresho byo murugo nibindi bicuruzwa bitandukanye.
4.UL icyemezo
NRTL bivuga Laboratoire Yemewe mu Gihugu, ni impfunyapfunyo ya Laboratoire y'Ikizamini Yemewe mu Cyongereza.Irasabwa n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (OSHA) munsi y’ishami ry’umurimo muri Amerika.
Ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu kazi bigomba kugeragezwa no kwemezwa na laboratoire yemewe mu gihugu kugirango umutekano w’abakoresha ubeho.Muri Amerika ya Ruguru, abakora ibicuruzwa bagurisha byemewe n'amategeko kugirango bakoreshe abasivili cyangwa inganda ku isoko bagomba gukora ibizamini bikomeye bakurikije amahame yigihugu.Igicuruzwa gishobora kugurishwa byemewe n'amategeko ku isoko iyo cyatsinze ibizamini bijyanye na Laboratoire yemewe mu gihugu (NRTL).
Urutonde rwibicuruzwa 1. Ibikoresho byo murugo, birimo ibikoresho bito, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, ibikoresho byo kwidagadura mu rugo, nibindi 2. Ibikinisho bya elegitoronike 3. Ibicuruzwa bya siporo n’imyidagaduro 4. Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byo mu rugo, ibikoresho byo kumurika, imashini za fax, amashanyarazi, mudasobwa, icapiro, nibindi. 7. Ibicuruzwa byitumanaho nibicuruzwa bya IT 8. Ibikoresho byingufu, ibikoresho byo gupima ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi 9. Imashini zinganda, ibikoresho byo gupima ubushakashatsi 10. Ibindi bicuruzwa bijyanye numutekano nkamagare, ingofero, ingazi, ibikoresho, nibindi 11. Ibikoresho byuma na ibikoresho
5. Icyemezo cya FDA
Icyemezo cya FDA, Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge cyitwa FDA.
FDA ni icyemezo muri Amerika, cyane cyane kubiribwa nubuvuzi nibintu bihura numubiri wumuntu.Harimo ibiryo, ubuvuzi, kwisiga nibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikomoka ku buzima, itabi, ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku mirasire n’ibindi byiciro by’ibicuruzwa.
Gusa ibicuruzwa bisaba iki cyemezo bigomba kwemezwa, sibyose, kandi ibyangombwa bisabwa kubicuruzwa bitandukanye birashobora kuba bitandukanye.Gusa ibikoresho byemewe na FDA, ibikoresho na tekinoroji birashobora gucuruzwa.
6. Icyemezo cya CE
Icyemezo cya CE kigarukira gusa kubisabwa byumutekano byibanze ko ibicuruzwa bitabangamira umutekano wabantu, inyamaswa nibicuruzwa.
Ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ikimenyetso cya CE ni ikimenyetso cyemewe.Niba ari ibicuruzwa byakozwe n’umushinga uri mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi cyangwa ibicuruzwa bikorerwa mu bindi bihugu, niba bigomba gukwirakwizwa ku isoko ry’Uburayi, ikimenyetso cya CE kigomba gushyirwaho kugira ngo kigaragaze ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa by’ibanze Amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ku buryo bushya bwo guhuza tekinike no guhuza ubuziranenge.Iki ni itegeko risabwa kubicuruzwa hakurikijwe amategeko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.
Hariho ibyemezo byinshi bisabwa nibihugu bitandukanye byamahanga, kandi ibihugu nabyo biratandukanye.Hamwe nogutezimbere no kunoza urubuga rwa Amazone, ibyangombwa bisabwa bigomba gutangwa nabagurisha nabyo biratandukanye.Nyamuneka nyamuneka witondere TTS, turashobora kuguha serivise zo gupima ibicuruzwa no gutanga ibyemezo, kandi tugatanga inama zawe kumpanuro zemeza ibyemezo mubindi bihugu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-20-2022